ITB – Invitation to Bid: Used when the City knows exactly what it needs and the requirements can be clearly defined. Award is generally made to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder.
RFP – Request for Proposals: Used when the City is seeking a solution or when factors other than price are important. Proposals are evaluated using established criteria, which may include experience, qualifications, approach, technical capabilities, and price.
RFQu – Request for Qualifications: Used when the City selects a firm primarily based on its qualifications, experience, and ability to perform the work. Price may not be considered during the initial evaluation and may be negotiated after firms are ranked, depending on the type of procurement and applicable law.
ITN – Invitation to Negotiate: Used for complex procurements when the City needs flexibility to negotiate with one or more respondents. Negotiations may include the proposed solution, scope, terms, conditions, and price before a final selection is made.
Source: NIGP: The Institute for Public Procurement, procurement terminology and public procurement best-practice guidance.